Mutinous Body
Artist: Raymond S.
Artwork description:
This work captures the involuntary nature of Tourette Syndrome (TS) — sudden motor and vocal tics such as blinking, shoulder jerks, throat clearing, and coughing. The portrait conveys both the tension of suppression and the relief of release, reflecting a struggle for control inside chaos.


Disease Introduction: Tourette Syndrome (TS)
Type: Neuropsychiatric disorder
Affected System: CNS — cortex, basal ganglia, and neurotransmitter circuits
Symptoms:
Motor tics (eye blinking, grimacing, shoulder shrugging, twisting). Vocal tics (throat clearing, sniffing, humming, repeating words). Tic severity fluctuates with emotion or stress. Comorbid ADHD, OCD, anxiety, or mood disorders. Premonitory urge before a tic, sometimes self-injurious.
Cause:
Genetic predisposition and neurochemical imbalance (dopaminergic hyperactivity in the basal ganglia). Environmental triggers may influence onset and severity.
Treatment:
Antipsychotics (aripiprazole, risperidone, haloperidol).
Tic-focused behavioral therapy (CBIT).
Deep brain stimulation for severe, resistant cases.
Treatment for ADHD or OCD if present.
Psychoeducation and social supports.